I-Caustic soda ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-flake soda, i-granular soda kanye ne-soda eqinile ngokuya ngesimo sayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-caustic soda kubandakanya izinkambu eziningi, okulandelayo yisingeniso esinemininingwane yakho:
1. Uwoyela ocolisisiwe.
Ngemuva kokugezwa nge-sulfuric acid, imikhiqizo ye-petroleum isaqukethe izinto ezine-acidic, okufanele zigezwe ngesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide bese igezwa ngamanzi ukuze kutholwe imikhiqizo ecolisisiwe.
2.ukuphrinta nokudaya
Isetshenziswa kakhulu odayi be-indigo nodayi bequinone. Enqubweni yokudaya odayi be-vat, isisombululo se-caustic soda kanye ne-sodium hydrosulfite kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuwanciphisa ku-leuco acid, bese ku-oxidized esimweni sokuqala esingancibiliki ngama-oxidants ngemva kokudaya.
Ngemuva kokuthi indwangu kakotini iphathwe ngesisombululo se-caustic soda, i-wax, i-grease, isitashi nezinye izinto ezimbozwe ngendwangu kakotini zingasuswa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukucwebezela kwe-mercerized kwendwangu kungandiswa ukwenza ukudaya kube okufanayo. .
3. I-textile fiber
1).Indwangu
Izindwangu zikakotini nezelineni ziphathwa nge-concentrated sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) isisombululo sokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zefiber. Imicu eyenziwe umuntu njenge-rayon, i-rayon, i-rayon, njll., ngokuvamile imicu ye-viscose. Zenziwe nge-cellulose (njenge-pulp), i-sodium hydroxide, ne-carbon disulfide (CS2) njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokwenza uketshezi lwe-viscose, olufuthwayo, olwenziwe ngokufingqa.
2). I-Viscose fiber
Okokuqala, sebenzisa isixazululo se-caustic soda esingu-18-20% ukuze ukhulelwe i-cellulose ukuze ulenze i-alkali cellulose, bese usula futhi uchoboze i-alkali cellulose, engeza i-carbon disulfide, futhi ekugcineni uncibilikise i-sulfonate nge-lye ehlanjululwe ukuze uthole i-viscose. Ngemva kokuhlunga kanye nokuhlanza (ukukhipha amabhamuza omoya), ingasetshenziselwa ukuphotha.
4. Ukwenza amaphepha
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokwenza iphepha yizitshalo zokhuni noma zotshani, eziqukethe inani elikhulu le-non-cellulose (i-lignin, i-gum, njll.) ngaphezu kwe-cellulose. I-sodium hydroxide isetshenziselwa ukuhlonza, futhi kuphela lapho i-lignin ekhunini isuswa lapho kungatholakala khona imicu. Izingxenye ezingezona i-cellulose zingancibilika futhi zihlukaniswe ngokungeza isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide dilute, ukuze i-pulp ene-cellulose njengengxenye eyinhloko ingatholakala.
5. Thuthukisa umhlabathi ngomcako.
Emhlabathini, isimo sezulu samaminerali singase futhi sikhiqize ama-asidi ngenxa yokwakheka kwama-asidi e-organic njengoba izinto eziphilayo zibola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-inorganic njenge-ammonium sulfate ne-ammonium chloride nakho kuzokwenza umhlabathi ube ne-asidi. Ukusebenzisa inani elifanele lomcako kunganciphisa izinto ezine-asidi emhlabathini, kwenze inhlabathi ifanelekele ukukhula kwezitshalo futhi kukhuthaze ukuzala kabusha kwezinambuzane. Ukwanda kwe-Ca2+ enhlabathini kungakhuthaza ukubumbana kwe-colloid yomhlabathi, okuvumela ukwakheka kwama-aggregate, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kungahlinzeka nge-calcium edingekayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo.
6. Imboni yamakhemikhali nama-reagents amakhemikhali.
Embonini yamakhemikhali, i-caustic soda isetshenziselwa ukwenza insimbi ye-sodium kanye namanzi e-electrolyzing. I-Caustic soda noma i-soda ash isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni usawoti omningi we-inorganic, ikakhulukazi ekulungiseni usawoti othile we-sodium (njenge-borax, i-sodium silicate, i-sodium phosphate, i-sodium dichromate, i-sodium sulfite, njll.). I-Caustic soda noma i-soda ash iphinde isetshenziswe ekuhlanganiseni odayi, izidakamizwa kanye ne-organic intermediates.
7. irabha, isikhumba
1). I-silica enciphile
Okokuqala: yenza ingilazi yamanzi (Na2O.mSO2) ngokusabela i-sodium hydroxide nge-quartz ore (SiO2)
Okwesibili: phendula ingilazi yamanzi nge-sulfuric acid, i-hydrochloric acid, ne-carbon dioxide ukukhiqiza isikhutha esimhlophe esimnyama (i-silicon dioxide)
I-silica okukhulunywe ngayo lapha iyi-ejenti engcono kakhulu yokuqinisa irabha yemvelo kanye nerabha yokwenziwa
2). Ukugaywa kabusha kwerabha endala
Lapho kugaywa kabusha irabha endala, impushana yerabha igaywa ngaphambili ngesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide, bese iyacutshungulwa.
3). Isikhumba
I-Tannery: inqubo yokuvuselela kabusha uketshezi lwe-tannery imfucumfucu yomlotha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, phakathi kwezinyathelo ezimbili ze-sodium sulfide aqueous solution yokucwiliswa kanye nokwengeza ukwelashwa kokucwiliswa kwe-lime powder kunqubo ekhona yokwandisa, ukusetshenziswa kwesisindo se-tare kukhuphuka ngo-0.3-0.5 % Isinyathelo sokwelashwa kwesixazululo se-sodium hydroxide esingu-30% senza ifayibha yesikhumba ikhule ngokugcwele, ihlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo, futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo osuqedwe kancane.
8. i-metallurgy, i-electroplating
Embonini ye-metallurgical, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuguqula izithako ezisebenzayo ku-ore zibe usawoti we-sodium oncibilikayo ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola okungancibiliki. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-soda ash (kubuye kube yi-flux), futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-caustic soda nayo isetshenziswa.
9.ezinye izici zendima
1). Kunemisebenzi emibili ye-ceramic caustic soda ekwenzeni izitsha zobumba. Okokuqala, i-caustic soda isetshenziswa njengendlela yokunciphisa inqubo yokudubula kwezitsha zobumba. Okwesibili, ubuso be-ceramics obushisiwe buzoklwejwa noma bube nzima kakhulu. Yihlanze ngekhambi le-caustic soda Ekugcineni, yenza indawo yobumba ibe bushelelezi.
2). Embonini yezinsimbi, isetshenziswa njenge-acid neutralizer, i-decolorizer ne-deodorizer. Imboni yokunamathisela isetshenziswa njenge-starch gelatinizer kanye ne-neutralizer. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokucwecwa, i-ejenti yokukhipha umbala kanye ne-ejenti eqeda iphunga ye-citrus, i-peach, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-16-2023