Isingeniso
Kusukela mhla zingama-20 kuya kumhla zingama-24 kuNhlolanja 2026, inqubomgomo yentela yase-US yabhekana noshintsho olukhulu. Umthelela walokhu kuguquguquka kwentela emakethe yemboni yamakhemikhali yaseShayina ubonise ukwehluka kwesakhiwo, futhi indlela eyinhloko yokudlulisela ishintshe kusukela "kumthelela oqondile wokuhweba" kuya "ekucindezelweni kwesidingo kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha kokuhamba kokuhweba komhlaba wonke".
I. Incazelo Yomcimbi
Kusukela mhla zingama-20 kuya kumhla zingama-24 kuNhlolanja 2026, inqubomgomo yentela yase-US yabhekana nokuguquka okukhulu: mhla zingama-20 kuNhlolanja, iNkantolo Ephakeme yase-US yanquma ukuthi intela "yokubuyisana" engu-10% eyayibekwe uhulumeni kaTrump ngaphansi koMthetho Wezamandla Ezomnotho Eziphuthumayo Wamazwe Ngamazwe (i-IEEPA) yayingekho emthethweni futhi yayihoxisa; nokho, mhla zingama-24 kuNhlolanja, uhulumeni wase-US wabeka ngokushesha intela yesikhashana engu-15% ezimpahleni zomhlaba wonke ngokuhambisana neSigaba 122 soMthetho Wezohwebo ka-1974 futhi waqala uphenyo olusha lweSigaba 301. Lokhu kuguqulwa okukhulu kwenezele ukungaqiniseki okukhulu ethembeni lokuhweba phakathi kweShayina ne-US futhi kwenza iphethini yokuhweba yomhlaba wonke ibe nzima kakhulu.
II. Umthelela Ojwayelekile
Umthelela walokhu kushintshashintsha kwentela emakethe yemboni yamakhemikhali yaseShayina ubonisa umehluko wesakhiwo: izinto eziningi eziyisisekelo zamakhemikhali azithinteki kangako yizinguquko zentela ngenxa yokuthunyelwa kwazo okuqondile okuncane e-United States; nokho, njengenkampani ethumela ngaphandle enkulu yezimpahla zabathengi ezifana nemikhiqizo yepulasitiki nezindwangu, izimboni ezihlobene neShayina zibone inzuzo encishisiwe kakhulu kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokulahlekelwa yi-oda, okudlulisela ingcindezi yokuncipha kwesidingo emkhakheni wezinto zokusetshenziswa eziphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhamba kokuhweba komhlaba wonke kuye kwaphoqeleka ukuba kuhlelwe kabusha, futhi eminye imikhiqizo ibhekene nezinselele ezingaba khona njengokwenyuka kwezindleko zokudluliselwa kwamanye amazwe noma ukungena kwezinsiza zase-US.
III. Umthelela Ojwayelekile Embonini Yepulasitiki kanye Nemiphumela Eqondene Nomkhiqizo
Imboni yepulasitiki ingaphansi kwengcindezi iyonke. Izindleko zidlulisela imiphumela emibi ikakhulukazi ngokucindezela ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo engezansi kanye nokwandisa ukusatshalaliswa ngokweqile komhlaba wonke, ngemiphumela ehlukahlukene emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene:
- I-ABS: Umthelela wesikhathi esifushane ulinganiselwe; esikhathini esiphakathi neside, uma kuthinteka ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kanye nesidingo sasekhaya esidonswe ngokweqile, isimo sokulethwa ngokweqile sizonciphisa amanani;
- PS: Ukungaqiniseki kwentela kungaholela ekwehleni kwama-oda okuthumela kwamanye amazwe angaphansi komfula, okwakha umthelela ekufuneni kwemakethe;
- I-EPS: Amandla okukhiqiza asekhaya agcwele ngokweqile, okunokukhula okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okunomthelela omncane ekunciphiseni ukuthunyelwa ngokweqile. Amabhizinisi ayeke ukugxila emakethe yase-United States futhi aphendukela ezimakethe ezisafufusa;
- I-POM: Ithintwe yizimboni ezithumela kwamanye amazwe e-US, ibhekene nezingozi ezingaqondile zokwehla kwenzuzo kanye nokuncipha kwesidingo;
- I-PC ne-PA66: Ingxenye yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US iphansi kakhulu, futhi ukulungiswa kwentela akunawo umthelela omkhulu;
- I-PA6: Ingcindezi yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ikhuphukile, inzuzo yentengo isinyamalele, isidingo esingezansi singase sinciphe, futhi amabhizinisi kudingeka athuthukise izimakethe ezintsha ukuze avikele izingozi zentela;
- I-Polyethylene (PE): Ingxenye yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US ingu-0.13% kuphela, futhi ayinawo umthelela oqondile, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukudluliswa okungaqondile kokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo okukhawulelwe kanye nomthelela wokuhlelwa kabusha kokuhamba kokuhweba emhlabeni jikelele;
- I-EVA: Umthelela ekungenisweni nasekuthunyelweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe mncane, kodwa ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo engezansi njengezinto zezicathulo kuthinteka kakhulu; esikhathini esiphakathi neside, kuzonciphisa intengo ye-EVA yenhloso ejwayelekile.
IV. Umthelela Ojwayelekile Embonini Ye-Chlor-Alkali kanye Nemiphumela Eqondene Nomkhiqizo
Imboni ye-chlor-alkali ayithinteki ngqo, ngaphandle kwengilazi entantayo, okuthi ukuthunyelwa kwayo e-US kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ngenxa yentela ephezulu kakhulu. Imiphumela emikhiqizweni eyahlukahlukene iyahlukaniswa:
- I-PVC: Ingxenye yokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US iphansi kakhulu, futhi ukulungiswa kwentela akunawo umthelela omkhulu kuyo;
- I-Caustic Soda: Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US akunamsebenzi; ukulungiswa kwentela kuye kwakhulisa ukuzethemba kwemakethe kodwa akunawo umthelela omkhulu;
- I-Soda Ash: Nakuba ithole ukukhululwa kwentela, yakha okuhle okungaphezulu, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US kuncane kakhulu, futhi umthelela omuhle wangempela ulinganiselwe;
- Ingilazi: Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwentela yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla kanye nentela yokuphikisana nentela kanye nentela yesikhashana entsha kuye kwayiphuca ngokuphelele ukuncintisana ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe e-US, okwandisa ingcindezi yokunikezwa kwempahla kubakhiqizi basekhaya.
V. Isifinyezo Esiphelele
Ukulungiswa kwenqubomgomo yentela yase-United States kunemiphumela elinganiselwe futhi ehlukene ezimbonini zepulasitiki kanye ne-chlor-alkali zaseShayina. Izinto eziningi zokusetshenziswa “azinawo amandla” ngenxa yokuthembela kwazo okuphansi e-United States, kodwa ukukhathazeka okufihliwe kwesikhathi esiphakathi nesikhathi eside okubangelwa ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo okuvinjelwe kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha kokuhweba komhlaba wonke akunakunganakwa. Esikhathini esizayo, imboni yepulasitiki idinga ukuqapha ukuncipha kwesidingo kanye nokucindezela ngokweqile, imboni ye-chlor-alkali idinga ukunaka isimo sezinhlobo ezikhethekile njengengilazi, futhi kuzoba yinto evamile ngamabhizinisi ukusheshisa ukuhlukahluka kokuhlelwa kwemakethe nokugwema izithiyo zokuhweba.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-25-2026