ESINGAPORE (ICIS) – Inkampani yaseJapan iTokyo Electric Power Co (TEPCO) iqalise kabusha imisebenzi yezentengiselwano esiteshini samandla enuzi iKashiwazaki-Kariwa (KK) Unit 6, okuyisikhathi esibalulekile nesibonisayo emizamweni yokunciphisa isidingo se-LNG emkhakheni wamandla waseJapan njengoba izwe libhekene nezingcindezi zesidingo esisha futhi lifuna ukuthola imithombo yesizukulwane esisha.
I-TEPCO ithe ngo-Ephreli 16 ukuthi iqalise kabusha imisebenzi yezentengiselwano esikhungweni samanzi abilayo esingu-1.35GW ngemuva kokuthola isiqinisekiso sokusetshenziswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezitifiketi zepasipoti yokuhlola ezivela kwi-Nuclear Regulation Authority yaseJapan (NRA).
Ukwakhiwa kwezentengiselwano kuqalile kabusha ngo-4:00 ntambama ngesikhathi sendawo, okuphawula iyunithi yokuqala yenuzi esebenzayo endaweni ye-KK kusukela ngo-2012 ngemuva kokuba zonke izikhungo zamandla enuzi ezweni zivaliwe ngokulandelana ngemuva kwengozi yesikhungo senuzi saseFukushima Daiichi esiqhutshwa yi-TEPCO ngenxa ye-tsunami enkulu ngoMashi 2011.
Abahlanganyeli bemakethe bathi ukuqaliswa kabusha kwe-KK Unit 6 - isikhungo senuzi esikhulu kunazo zonke eJapane uma zonke izingxenye eziyisikhombisa bezikwazi ukungena ku-inthanethi, okubonakala kungenakwenzeka kuze kube manje njengoba kungenzeka i-Unit 7 kuphela ngonyaka noma emibili ezayo - kuzosusa ngqo ukukhiqizwa kwegesi endaweni yokuphakelwa kwe-TEPCO, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zasehlombe nasehlobo lapho ukukhiqizwa kwenuzi kungasebenza khona ngezici zamandla aphezulu.
Uma isetshenziswa ngokugcwele, i-KK Unit 6 inganciphisa ukusha kwe-LNG uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi kuzoshintshwa umkhiqizo we-turbine yegesi ehlanganisiwe, abadayisi nabahlaziyi balinganisela, yize ukufuduka kwangempela kuzoncika ezikhathini zokuphelelwa yisikhathi, isidingo segridi, kanye nezomnotho zokuthunyelwa kwe-thermal.
Abadayisi abaningana bathi ukuqala kabusha kunganciphisa inani le-LNG elithathwa yiJapan ngempahla eyodwa kuya kwemibili ngenyanga njalo ngonyaka, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi umkhiqizo wenuzi uzinzile.
“Ukuqala kabusha kwe-KK Unit 6 kunciphisa ingcindezi ezidingweni zomthwalo wamandla we-LNG empumalanga yeJapan,” kusho umhwebi waseJapan. “Lokhu kusho ingcindezi encane ezidingweni ze-spot LNG, yize iyunithi eyodwa kuphela ingase ingabonakali ngokushesha ekuthengisweni kwe-spot noma emsebenzini wokuthengisa kabusha.”
Kodwa yizifundo ezifundwe ezinkingeni zokulawula, ubunzima bokuqalisa kabusha i-reactor kanye nesizukulwane esihlangene ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe yi-14 singaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi esilandisa indaba ebanzi yokuqalisa kabusha amanye amayunithi enuzi ayishumi nesishiyagalombili manje angaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi futhi okungenzeka ukuthi abuyele ekusebenzeni ekugcineni, ingasaphathwa eyezitshalo ezintsha zenuzi.
“Ukuqala kabusha noma yisiphi isitshalo senuzi eJapane kusho ukulalelwa kwemihlangano yomphakathi, ukuhlolwa kwemithetho kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezepolitiki zesifunda okubucayi,” kusho umhlaziyi wamandla eSingapore.
"Sikubonile lokho no-KK; umbusi kwadingeka anqume futhi adlule kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokubonisana. Kodwa mhlawumbe uchungechunge lwezimo eziphuthumayo zamandla ezivela ku-tsunami ka-2011, impi yase-Ukraine kanye manje neMpumalanga Ephakathi - imibono yenqubomgomo kanye nomphakathi ingaba usizo kakhulu."
Nge-KK, iJapan manje inezikhungo zenyukliya eziyi-15 eziku-inthanethi, futhi kuye ngokugcinwa nokusebenza kwe-snafus, iyakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla enyukliya afinyelela ku-33 GW, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva evela ku-US Energy Information Administration (EIA).
Ezinye izikhungo zamandla enuzi ezingu-24 zivalwe unomphela.
IZINYATHELO EZILANDELAYO
Isidingo sikaphethiloli saseJapan siyisihloko sezingxoxo zenqubomgomo futhi sihlobene nomkhakha wayo omkhulu wokukhiqiza ezitimeleni zikagesi, imikhumbi kanye nengqalasizinda yamandla - lapho imithombo kaphethiloli evuselelekayo kanye nemithombo engeyona eyezinto zasendulo ivame ukukhulunywa ngayo maqondana neminye imizamo yokususa i-carbonization njengokubanjwa nokugcinwa kwe-carbon (CCS).
Ngesikhathi sempi yase-Iran, abangenisi bamandla kulo lonke elase-Asia, okuhlanganisa neJapane, baphendukela ezinhlelweni zokuphepha kwamandla ezazigqamisa izimpawu ezicacile zabathengi be-LNG asebevele benciphisa ukusetshenziswa, abasebenzisi bokugcina befuna ukuguqukela kumalahle kanye nenyukliya lapho kungenzeka khona futhi babone umsebenzi wemakethe ugcina iprimiyamu yengozi yezepolitiki isendaweni.
Ukuqala kabusha kwenyukliya kuthuthukisa futhi izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-TEPCO, njengoba umkhiqizo wenuzi ushibhile kakhulu kunokukhiqiza okuqhutshwa yi-LNG ngaphansi kwemibono yamanje yamanani kaphethiloli nekhabhoni. Abahlaziyi balindele ukuthi ukutholakala kwenyukliya okwandisiwe kuzobhekana namahora okuthunyelwa okuqhutshwa yigesi kanye nokusabalala kwenhlansi empumalanga yeJapane.
Kubathengisi be-LNG, ukubuya kwamayunithi amakhulu enuzi athwala imithwalo eyisisekelo kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuqina kwesidingo sesikhathi eside eJapane, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukuvuselelwa kwenkontileka kubusa izingxoxo zokuthengwa kwempahla ngasekupheleni kwale minyaka eyishumi, kusho umphathi we-LNG etshela i-ICIS.
"Kubonisa ukuthi noma kungavela izithiyo eziningana - iJapane ingathuthukisa isivinini sokukhishwa kwamandla enuzi ngokucindezela kukahulumeni okunamandla futhi inciphise isidingo esithile."
Eminyakeni emibili eyalandela, imizamo yokuqalisa kabusha i-nyukliya yaseJapane yayingabona amayunithi amathathu ayinhloko etholakala: i-Tomari‑3 (0.91 GW, i-Hokkaido Electric Power), i-Tokai Daini (1.16 GW, i-Japan Atomic Power Company), kanye ne-Onagawa‑3 (0.83 GW, i-Tohoku Electric Power).
Noma yikuphi ukuqala kabusha okwengeziwe ngale kwalokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuwele esikhathini sika-2027-28 futhi kufanele kubhekwe njengento engaba khona engcono kunokuba kube yinto elindelekile.
I-Tohoku kagesi i-Higashidori Unit 1 (1.1 GW) isalokhu ibukezwa yi-NRA njengoba kusene-tsunami eningi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuzamazama komhlaba, yize kukhulunywa ngayo njengokuqala kabusha "kwegagasi elilandelayo".
Ngokufanayo, i-Shimane Unit 3 (1.37 GW Chugoku Electric) isiqediwe ngokobuchwepheshe, kodwa umqhubi ubeke phambili ukuqala kabusha i-Shimane‑2 kuqala futhi izinkinga zokulandelana kwe-NRA zisho ukuthi i-Unit 3 cishe ayinakuba ukuqala kabusha kwesisekelo ngaphambi kuka-2027.
Okwamanje, i-Chubu Electric ikwazile ukuhlehlisa izifiso zokuqalisa kabusha i-Hamaoka, lapho ama-Units 3–5 (3.6 GW) ehlala engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi phakathi kokuhlolwa okunzima ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba kwe-Fukushima kanye nokwehluleka kokulawula ngenxa yengozi yamaphutha kanye ne-tsunami, okushiya inkampani ingaphandle komjikelezo wamanje wokuqalisa kabusha i-nyukliya eJapane.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-21-2026