Imboni yepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke iyisisekelo sohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, imikhiqizo yepulasitiki nezinto ezingavuthiwe zibalulekile emikhakheni eminingi, okuhlanganisa ukupakisha, izimoto, ezokwakha nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Njengoba sibheke phambili ku-2025, imboni yezohwebo yepulasitiki yangaphandle ilindele uguquko olukhulu, oluqhutshwa yizidingo eziguqukayo zemakethe, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokwanda kokukhathazeka kwemvelo. Lo mbhalo uhlola izitayela nentuthuko ebalulekile ezobumba imboni yezohwebo yangaphandle yepulasitiki ngo-2025.
1.Shift Ubheke Imikhuba Yokuhweba Esimeme
Ngo-2025, ukusimama kuzoba yisici esichazayo embonini yokuhweba yangaphandle yepulasitiki. Ohulumeni, amabhizinisi, kanye nabathengi baya ngokuya befuna izixazululo ezivumelana nemvelo, okudala ukuthi kushintshelwe kumapulasitiki angaboli, asebenziseke kabusha, kanye nasuselwa ku-bio. Abathekelisa nabangenisayo kuzodingeka bathobele imithetho eqinile yezemvelo, efana ne-European Union's Single-Use Plastics Directive kanye nezinqubomgomo ezifanayo kwezinye izifunda. Izinkampani ezibeka phambili izinqubo ezisimeme, njengokunciphisa izinyathelo zekhabhoni kanye nokwamukela amamodeli omnotho ayindilinga, zizothola inzuzo yokuncintisana emakethe yomhlaba.
2.Isidingo Esikhulayo Kwezomnotho Ezisafufusa
Izimakethe ezisafufusa, ikakhulukazi e-Asia, e-Afrika, naseLatin America, zizobamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuqhubekiseni ukukhula kwemboni yezohwebo yangaphandle yepulasitiki ngo-2025. Ukuthuthuka kwezindawo zasemadolobheni ngokushesha, ukukhula kwenani labantu, nokwanda kwemikhakha yezimboni emazweni afana ne-India, Indonesia, neNigeria kuzobhebhethekisa isidingo semikhiqizo yepulasitiki nezinto zokusetshenziswa. Lezi zifunda zizoba ngabahambisi ababalulekile bepulasitiki, okudale amathuba amasha kwabathumela kwamanye amazwe emazweni athuthukile kwezomnotho. Ukwengeza, izivumelwano zokuhwebelana zesifunda, njenge-African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), zizokwenza lula ukuhwebelana okushelelayo futhi zivule izimakethe ezintsha.
3.Izindlela Ezintsha Zezobuchwepheshe Ezilungisa Kabusha Imboni
Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe izoguqula imboni yezohwebo yangaphandle yepulasitiki ngo-2025. Izinto ezintsha ezifana nokuvuselelwa kwamakhemikhali, ukuphrinta kwe-3D, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki okusekelwe ku-bio kuzokwenza ukuthi kudalwe amapulastiki asezingeni eliphezulu, asimeme anomthelela oncishisiwe kwezemvelo. Amathuluzi edijithali, okuhlanganisa i-blockchain kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, azothuthukisa ukubonakala kwe-supply chain, athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezinto, futhi aqinisekise ukuhambisana nemithetho yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe. Lobu buchwepheshe buzosiza abathumeli bempahla nabangenisa kwamanye amazwe ukuba benze lula ukusebenza kwabo futhi bahlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo sezixazululo zepulasitiki ezintsha.
4.Imithelela Yenqubomgomo Yezwe Nezohwebo
Izinqubomgomo ze-Geopolitical Dynamics kanye nezinqubomgomo zohwebo zizoqhubeka nokubumba isimo sepulasitiki sokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe ngo-2025. Ukungezwani okuqhubekayo phakathi kweminotho emikhulu, njenge-US ne-China, kungase kuholele ekushintsheni kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke, lapho abadayisi bempahla behlukanisa izimakethe zabo ukuze banciphise ubungozi. Ukwengeza, izivumelwano zohwebo kanye nezintela zizoba nomthelela ekuhambeni kwezimpahla zepulasitiki nezinto zokusetshenziswa. Abathumeli bangaphandle kuzodingeka bahlale benolwazi mayelana nezinguquko zenqubomgomo futhi balungise amasu abo ukuze bazulazule ezinkingeni zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe.
5.Ukuguquguquka Kwamanani Ezinto Ezingavuthiwe
Ukuthembela kwemboni yepulasitiki ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezisekelwe ku-petroleum kusho ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwentengo kawoyela kuzohlala kuyisici esibucayi ngo-2025. Amanani aphansi kawoyela anganciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi akhulise ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, kuyilapho amanani aphezulu angase anyuse izindleko futhi anciphise isidingo. Abathumeli bangaphandle bazodinga ukugada izitayela zemakethe kawoyela eduze futhi bahlole ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa, ezifana ne-bio-based feedstocks, ukuze kugcinwe uzinzo nokuncintisana.
6.Ukukhula Ukuduma Kwepulasitiki Ye-Bio-based kanye Nesenziwe Kabusha
Ngo-2025, amapulasitiki asuselwa ku-bio futhi asetshenziswe kabusha azothola ukuthambekela okubalulekile emakethe yomhlaba. Amapulasitiki asekelwe kuzinto eziphilayo, atholakala ezinsizeni ezivuselelekayo njengommbila nomoba, anikeza enye indlela esimeme kumapulasitiki omdabu. Ngokufanayo, amapulasitiki agaywe kabusha azodlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni imfucuza kanye nokuhlangabezana nezinhloso zokusimama. Abathekelisi abatshala imali kulezi zinsiza bazoba sesimweni esihle sokusebenzisa isidingo esikhulayo semikhiqizo elungele imvelo.
7.Ukugxila Okukhulisiwe Ekuqiniseni Ukuqina Kwe-Supply Chain
Umqedazwe we-COVID-19 wagqamisa ukubaluleka kwamaketanga okuhlinzeka aqinile, futhi lesi sifundo sizoqhubeka nokubumba imboni yezohwebo yangaphandle yepulasitiki ngo-2025. Abathumeli bangaphandle nabangenayo bazobeka eqhulwini ukuhlukahluka kwamaketanga abo okuhlinzeka, ukutshala izimali ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza zasendaweni, nokusebenzisa amathuluzi edijithali ukuthuthukisa ukubonakala nokusebenza kahle. Ukwakha amaketanga okuhlinzeka aqinile kuzobaluleka ekudambiseni ubungozi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba okungaphazamiseki kwezimpahla zepulasitiki nezinto zokusetshenziswa.
Isiphetho
Imboni yezohwebo yangaphandle yepulasitiki ngo-2025 izobonakala ngokugcizelela okuqinile kokusimama, ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuvumelana nezimo ezishintshashintshayo zemakethe. Abathekelisi nabangenisa kwamanye amazwe abamukela imikhuba eco-friendly, abasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile, futhi bazulazule ngezinselele ze-geopolitical bazophumelela kulo mkhakha wezwe oguqukayo. Njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke samapulasitiki siqhubeka sikhula, imboni kufanele ilinganise phakathi kokukhula komnotho kanye nesibopho sezemvelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikusasa elisimeme neliphumelelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-07-2025