Ipulasitiki ibhekisela ku-resin yokwenziwa yamangqamuzana ephezulu njengengxenye eyinhloko, enezela izithasiselo ezifanele, izinto zepulasitiki ezicutshunguliwe. Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, isithunzi sepulasitiki singabonakala yonke indawo, sincane njengezinkomishi zepulasitiki, amabhokisi epulasitiki acwebezelayo, izitsha zokugeza zepulasitiki, izihlalo zepulasitiki nezihlalo, futhi ezinkulu njengezimoto, amathelevishini, amafriji, imishini yokuwasha ngisho nezindiza nemikhumbi-mkhathi, ipulasitiki ayinakuhlukaniswa.
Ngokusho kwe-European Plastics Production Association, ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki emhlabeni wonke ngo-2020, 2021 kanye no-2022 kuzofinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-367, amathani ayizigidi ezingama-391 kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingama-400, ngokulandelana. Izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe kusukela ngo-2010 kuya ku-2022 lingama-4.01%, futhi umkhuba wokukhula uphansi.
Imboni yepulasitiki yaseChina yaqala sekwephuzile, ngemva kokusungulwa kweRiphabhulikhi Yabantu YaseChina yaqala ukukhula, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo yokucubungula ipulasitiki yayilinganiselwe, indawo yefekthri yayihlangene futhi isikali sasincane. Kusukela ngo-2011, umnotho waseShayina uye washintsha kancane kancane kusukela esigabeni sokuthuthuka ngesivinini esikhulu waya esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi kusukela lapho imboni yepulasitiki nayo isiqalile ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo sayo sezimboni futhi kancane kancane yashintsha yaba sezingeni eliphezulu. Ngo-2015, inani eliphelele lemboni yokucubungula ipulasitiki yaseChina lafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-75.61. Ngo-2020, ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki yaseChina kwehlile, kodwa inzuzo iyonke kanye nensalela yohwebo yomkhakha isakhombisa ukukhula okuhle.
Ngokwemininingwane ye-European Plastics Production Association, ngonyaka ka-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki yaseChina kwabalelwa ku-32% wokukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki emhlabeni, futhi sekukhule kwaba ngumkhiqizi wokuqala wepulasitiki emhlabeni.
Eminyakeni yamuva, imboni yepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke iye yathuthuka kancane kancane. Yize ukwanda kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nemithetho evimbelayo ekhishwe iminyango kahulumeni eyahlukene kube nomthelela othile embonini yepulasitiki yendabuko ngokwezinga elithile, kuphinde kwaphoqa amabhizinisi embonini ukuthi asheshise ucwaningo nentuthuko kanye nenqubo yokusetshenziswa kwezimboni zamapulasitiki angangeni kwemvelo, asiza ekuthuthukisweni kwesakhiwo sezimboni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuzayo, ubungane bemvelo bezinqubo zokukhiqiza nemikhiqizo, ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza komkhiqizo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezicelo zemikhiqizo kulindeleke ukuthi kube umkhuba ojwayelekile wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yepulasitiki. Eminyakeni yamuva, imboni yepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke iye yathuthuka kancane kancane. Yize ukwanda kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nemithetho evimbelayo ekhishwe iminyango kahulumeni eyahlukene kube nomthelela othile embonini yepulasitiki yendabuko ngokwezinga elithile, kuphinde kwaphoqa amabhizinisi embonini ukuthi asheshise ucwaningo nentuthuko kanye nenqubo yokusetshenziswa kwezimboni zamapulasitiki angangeni kwemvelo, asiza ekuthuthukisweni kwesakhiwo sezimboni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuzayo, ubungane bemvelo bezinqubo zokukhiqiza nemikhiqizo, ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza komkhiqizo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezicelo zemikhiqizo kulindeleke ukuthi kube umkhuba ojwayelekile wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yepulasitiki.
Imboni yansuku zonke yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki iyigatsha elibalulekile lemboni yepulasitiki, ehlobene kakhulu ne-People's Daily Life futhi ingeyemboni yokukhiqiza izidingo zansuku zonke. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki kuhlobene nokuthuthukiswa komnotho wesifunda, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamazwe athuthukile njenge-United States ne-Europe kuphezulu. Ngenxa yethonya lemikhuba yokuphila kanye nemiqondo yokusetshenziswa, ukudla nesiphuzo e-United States ngokuyinhloko kuwukudla okusheshayo, futhi i-tableware ibuye ilahlwe kakhulu, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwaminyaka yonke kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki yansuku zonke kukhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokukhula okusheshayo komnotho wamazwe asafufusa njengeShayina kanye neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ijubane lempilo yabantu liye lakhula ngesivinini, nokushintsha kokuqwashisa ngokusetshenziswa kwempahla, indawo yokukhula kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki yansuku zonke izokwandiswa nakakhulu.
Kusukela ngo-2010 kuya ku-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki yansuku zonke e-China kwahlala kuzinzile, nokukhishwa okuphezulu ngo-2010 no-2022, nokukhishwa okuphansi ngo-2023. Ukwethulwa kwemikhawulo yepulasitiki ezweni lonke kuye kwaba nomthelela ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo yepulasitiki yansuku zonke ngezinga elithile, okwenza abakhiqizi baphendukele emikhiqizweni yepulasitiki ebolayo. Inqubomgomo yomkhawulo wepulasitiki ithuthukise ukwakheka kwangaphakathi embonini, yaqeda amandla okukhiqiza ahlehlayo, futhi yathuthukisa nakakhulu ukugxila embonini, okusiza ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ebolayo eyenziwe ngabakhiqizi abakhulu, futhi elungele ukugadwa kuzwelonke ngobunye.
Ngokuthuthuka okujwayelekile kwamazinga okuphila abantu, izidingo eziphakeme zizobekwa phambili emikhiqizweni yepulasitiki yansuku zonke, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza, ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ijubane lempilo yezakhamuzi zaseShayina liye lakhula ngesivinini futhi izinga lokuthuthuka, ukudla okusheshayo, itiye nezinye izimboni kukhule ngokushesha, futhi isidingo sezinto zetafula zepulasitiki neminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki yansuku zonke nayo iyanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo zokudlela ezinkulu, izitolo zetiye, njll. zinezidingo eziphakeme ze-tableware, futhi abakhiqizi abakhulu kuphela abangahlangabezana nezidingo zabo zekhwalithi. Esikhathini esizayo esibonakalayo, izinsiza embonini zizophinde zihlanganiswe, futhi ukugxilwa kwemboni kuzothuthukiswa nakakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenqubomgomo kazwelonke ethi "Ibhande Elilodwa, Umgwaqo Owodwa" wokuvula izimakethe ezisafufusa njengeNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki yansuku zonke yaseChina kuzoletha iphuzu elisha lokukhula, kanye nezinga lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe nalo lizokhula.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-06-2024