Njengoba singena ngo-2023, ngenxa yesidingo esicothayo ezifundeni ezahlukene, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) isabhekene nokungaqiniseki. Phakathi nengxenye enkulu ka-2022, amanani e-PVC e-Asia nase-United States abonise ukwehla okukhulu futhi ehla ngaphambi kokungena ngo-2023. Njengoba singena ngo-2023, phakathi kwezifunda ezahlukene, ngemuva kokuba i-China ilungise izinqubomgomo zayo zokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane, imakethe ilindele ukuphendula; i-United States ingakhuphula amazinga enzalo ukuze ilwe nokwehla kwamandla emali futhi inciphise isidingo se-PVC sasekhaya e-United States. I-Asia, eholwa yi-China, kanye ne-United States yandise ukuthunyelwa kwe-PVC phakathi kwesidingo esibuthakathaka somhlaba wonke. Ngokuphathelene ne-Europe, lesi sifunda sisazobhekana nenkinga yamanani aphezulu amandla kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali, futhi cishe ngeke kube nokululama okuqhubekayo emalini yenzuzo yemboni.
IYurophu ibhekene nokwehla komnotho
Abahlanganyeli bemakethe balindele ukuthi umbono wemakethe ye-caustic soda yaseYurophu kanye ne-PVC ngo-2023 uncike ebunzimeni bokwehla komnotho kanye nomthelela wayo ekudingweni. Ochungechungeni lwemboni ye-chlor-alkali, inzuzo yabakhiqizi iqhutshwa umphumela wokulinganisela phakathi kwe-caustic soda kanye ne-PVC resin, lapho umkhiqizo owodwa ungabuyisela khona ukulahlekelwa komunye. Ngo-2021, yomibili imikhiqizo izoba nesidingo esikhulu, kanti i-PVC ibusa. Kodwa ngo-2022, isidingo se-PVC sehlile njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwe-chlor-alkali kwaphoqeleka ukunciphisa umthwalo phakathi kwamanani aphezulu e-caustic soda ngenxa yobunzima bezomnotho kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zamandla. Izinkinga zokukhiqizwa kwegesi ye-chlorine ziholele ekuhlinzekweni kwe-caustic soda okuncane, okuheha inani elikhulu lama-oda empahla yase-US, okusunduzela amanani okuthumela ngaphandle ase-US ezingeni lawo eliphakeme kakhulu kusukela ngo-2004. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanani entengo e-PVC eYurophu ehle kakhulu, kodwa azohlala ephakathi kwaphezulu emhlabeni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2022.
Abahlanganyeli bemakethe balindele ubuthakathaka obengeziwe emakethe ye-caustic soda kanye ne-PVC yaseYurophu engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, njengoba isidingo sokugcina sabathengi sincishiswa ukwehla kwamandla emali. Umhwebi we-caustic soda uthe ngoNovemba 2022: “Amanani aphezulu e-caustic soda abangela ukubhujiswa kwesidingo.” Kodwa-ke, abanye abahwebi bathi izimakethe ze-caustic soda kanye ne-PVC zizojwayela ngo-2023, futhi abakhiqizi baseYurophu bangase bazuze phakathi nalesi sikhathi Ngenxa yamanani aphezulu e-caustic soda.
Ukwehla kwesidingo sase-US kukhulisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe
Kusukela ngo-2023, abakhiqizi be-chlor-alkali abahlanganisiwe base-US bazogcina imithwalo ephezulu yokusebenza futhi balondoloze amanani aqinile e-caustic soda, kuyilapho amanani abuthakathaka e-PVC kanye nesidingo kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke, kusho imithombo yemakethe. Kusukela ngoMeyi 2022, intengo yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-PVC e-United States yehle cishe ngo-62%, kuyilapho intengo yokuthumela ngaphandle ye-caustic soda ikhuphuke cishe ngo-32% kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuNovemba 2022, yabe isiqala ukwehla. Umthamo we-caustic soda wase-US wehle ngo-9% kusukela ngoMashi 2021, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yochungechunge lokungasebenzi e-Olin, okuphinde kwasekela amanani aqinile e-caustic soda. Kusukela ngo-2023, amandla entengo ye-caustic soda nawo azoncipha, yize izinga lokwehla lingase lihambe kancane.
I-Westlake Chemical, omunye wabakhiqizi base-US be-resin ye-PVC, nayo inciphise umthwalo wayo wokukhiqiza futhi yandisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yesidingo esibuthakathaka sepulasitiki eqinile. Nakuba ukwehla kokwenyuka kwezinga lenzalo e-US kungaholela ekwenyukeni kwesidingo sasekhaya, abahlanganyeli bemakethe bathi ukululama komhlaba wonke kuncike ekutheni isidingo sasekhaya eShayina siyabuya yini.
Gxila ekubuyiselweni kwesidingo okungenzeka eShayina
Imakethe ye-PVC yase-Asia ingase ibuyele esimweni sayo sokuqala ekuqaleni kuka-2023, kodwa imithombo yemakethe ithi ukululama kuzohlala kulinganiselwe uma isidingo saseShayina singalulami ngokugcwele. Amanani e-PVC e-Asia azokwehla kakhulu ngo-2022, kanti izingcaphuno ngoDisemba walowo nyaka zifinyelele ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu kusukela ngoJuni 2020. Lawo mazinga entengo abonakala sengathi akhuthaze ukuthengwa kwezindawo, okuphakamisa amathemba okuthi ukuhla kokwehla kungenzeka kwehle, kusho imithombo yemakethe.
Umthombo uphinde waveza ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa no-2022, ukunikezwa kwe-PVC endaweni ethile e-Asia ngo-2023 kungase kuhlale kusezingeni eliphansi, futhi izinga lomthwalo wokusebenza lizoncishiswa ngenxa yomthelela wokukhiqizwa kokuqhekeka okuphezulu. Imithombo yezohwebo ilindele ukuthi ukugeleza kwempahla ye-PVC evela e-US e-Asia kuzoncipha ekuqaleni kuka-2023. Kodwa-ke, imithombo yase-US ithe uma isidingo saseShayina siphinde sanda, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukuthunyelwa kwe-PVC yaseShayina, kungabangela ukwanda kokuthunyelwa kwempahla e-US.
Ngokusho kwedatha yentela, ukuthunyelwa kwe-PVC eShayina kufinyelele irekhodi lamathani angu-278,000 ngo-Ephreli 2022. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-PVC eShayina kuyehla kamuva ngo-2022, njengoba amanani okuthunyelwa kwe-PVC e-US ehla, kuyilapho amanani e-PVC ase-Asia ehla kanye namanani empahla ehla, ngaleyo ndlela kubuyiselwa ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kwe-PVC yase-Asia. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2022, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwe-PVC eShayina wawungamathani angu-96,600, okuyizinga eliphansi kakhulu kusukela ngo-Agasti 2021. Eminye imithombo yemakethe yase-Asia ithe isidingo saseShayina sizobuya ngo-2023 njengoba izwe lilungisa izindlela zalo zokulwa nobhubhane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme, izinga lomthwalo wokusebenza kwamafektri e-PVC aseShayina lehle lisuka ku-70% laya ku-56% ekupheleni kuka-2022.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-14-2023