Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imikhiqizo ye-PE iqhubekile nokuqhubekela phambili endleleni yokwanda ngesivinini esikhulu. Nakuba ukungeniswa kwe-PE kusabalulekile, ngokwanda kancane kancane kwamandla okukhiqiza ngaphakathi, izinga lokufakwa kwe-PE endaweni liye labonisa ukuthambekela kokukhula unyaka nonyaka. Ngokwezibalo zikaJinlianchuang, kusukela ngo-2023, amandla okukhiqiza i-PE yasekhaya asefinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-30.91, kanye nomthamo wokukhiqiza ongaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-27.3; Kulindeleke ukuthi kusazoba namathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.45 amandla okukhiqiza aqaliswe ukusebenza ngo-2024, ikakhulukazi agxile engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka. Kulindeleke ukuthi amandla okukhiqiza i-PE azoba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-34.36 kanti umkhiqizo uzoba cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-29 ngo-2024.
Kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-2024, amabhizinisi okukhiqiza i-polyethylene ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezintathu. Phakathi kwazo, kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-2019, ikakhulukazi yisigaba sokutshalwa kwezimali kwamalahle kumabhizinisi e-olefin, kanye nokwanda kwesilinganiso sokukhiqiza sonyaka esingamathani angaba ngu-950000/ngonyaka; Isikhathi kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2023 yisigaba sokukhiqiza esiphakathi semboni enkulu yokucwenga kanye namakhemikhali, lapho isilinganiso sokukhiqiza sonyaka eShayina sikhuphuke kakhulu, sifinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.68 ngonyaka; Kulindeleke ukuthi amathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.45 amandla okukhiqiza asazoqala ukusebenza ngo-2024, ngesilinganiso sokukhula esingu-11.16% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2023.
Ukungeniswa kwe-PE kubonise ukuthambekela okwehla unyaka nonyaka. Kusukela ngo-2020, ngokwandiswa okugxilile kokucwengisiswa okukhulu, umthamo wokuthutha wamazwe ngamazwe ube mncane ngenxa yezehlakalo zezempilo zomphakathi emhlabeni wonke, kanye namanani okuthutha olwandle akhuphuke kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwethonya labashayeli bamanani, umthamo wokungenisa we-polyethylene yasekhaya wehle kakhulu kusukela ngo-2021. Kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2023, umthamo wokukhiqiza waseShayina uyaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi ifasitela le-arbitrage phakathi kwezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle lihlala linzima ukulivula. Umthamo wokungenisa we-PE wamazwe ngamazwe wehle uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi umthamo wokungenisa we-PE wasekhaya ube ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-12.09 ngo-2024. Ngokusekelwe ezindlekweni kanye nephethini yokugeleza kokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo zomhlaba wonke, umthamo wokungenisa we-PE wasekhaya wesikhathi esizayo noma wasekhaya uzoqhubeka nokwehla.
Ngokuphathelene nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ngenxa yokukhiqizwa okugxilile kwamayunithi amakhulu okucwengisisa kanye nama-hydrocarbon alula eminyakeni yamuva nje, amandla okukhiqiza kanye nomkhiqizo kukhuphuke ngokushesha. Amayunithi amasha anezinhlelo eziningi zokukhiqiza, futhi ingcindezi yokuthengisa ikhuphuke ngemva kokuba amayunithi eseqalile ukusebenza. Ukuqina kokuncintisana kwamanani aphansi kwasekhaya kuholele ekulimaleni kwenzuzo ngaphansi kokuncintisana kwamanani aphansi, kanti umehluko wesikhathi eside wamanani aguquliwe phakathi kwezimakethe zangaphakathi nezangaphandle kwenze kwaba nzima kubathengi be-terminal ukugaya isilinganiso esinjalo sokwanda kokuhlinzekwa esikhathini esifushane. Ngemuva kuka-2020, inani lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe le-PE eShayina libonise ukuthambekela kokukhula unyaka nonyaka.
Njengoba ingcindezi yokuncintisana kwasekhaya ikhula minyaka yonke, umkhuba wokufuna ukuqondiswa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-polyethylene awunakushintshwa. Ngokuphathelene nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, iMpumalanga Ephakathi, i-United States nezinye izindawo zisenenani elikhulu lezinsiza ezishibhile, futhi ziyaqhubeka nokubheka iShayina njengemakethe enkulu kunazo zonke eziqondiwe ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe. Njengoba ukwanda kwamandla okukhiqiza kwasekhaya, ukuncika kwangaphandle kwe-polyethylene kuzokwehla kube ngu-34% ngo-2023. Kodwa-ke, cishe u-60% wemikhiqizo ye-PE ephezulu usancika ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe. Nakuba kusekhona ukulindela kokwehla kokuthembela kwangaphandle ngokutshalwa kwezimali kwamandla okukhiqiza kwasekhaya, igebe lesidingo semikhiqizo ephezulu alikwazi ukugcwaliswa esikhathini esifushane.
Ngokuphathelene nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ngokuqina kancane kancane kokuncintisana kwasekhaya kanye nokudluliselwa kwezinye izimboni zokukhiqiza zasekhaya ezisezingeni eliphansi eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, isidingo sangaphandle naso sesibe yindlela yokuhlola ukuthengisa kwamabhizinisi okukhiqiza kanye nabanye abahwebi eminyakeni yamuva nje. Esikhathini esizayo, kuzophinde kubangele ukuqondiswa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kwandise ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, e-Afrika, naseNingizimu Melika. Ngaphakathi, ukuqaliswa okuqhubekayo kwe-Belt and Road kanye nokuvulwa kwamachweba okuhweba aseSino Russian kudale ithuba lokwanda kwesidingo se-polyethylene ezifundeni zaseNorthwest Central Asia kanye naseNortheast Russian Far East.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-06-2024